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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Generally: cwb-encode will attempt to parse anything with a < at the start of the line as if it were an XML tag. So yes, they need
escaping.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">&lt; is the best way to do so as Peter says. If you’reusing cwb-encode directly, remember to use the -x option so that this will be
properly interpreted. If you’re going via CQPweb, then -x is always switched on <o:p>
</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">best<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Andrew<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US"> cwb-bounces@sslmit.unibo.it <cwb-bounces@sslmit.unibo.it>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Uhrig, Peter<br>
<b>Sent:</b> 21 January 2020 16:42<br>
<b>To:</b> Open source development of the Corpus WorkBench <cwb@sslmit.unibo.it><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [CWB] Dealing with "malformed tag" error<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Hi Scott,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">I recommend using &lt; here as an XML entity.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">See here:
</span><span lang="DE"><a href="https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fliste.sslmit.unibo.it%2Fpipermail%2Fcwb%2F2018-February%2F003072.html&data=02%7C01%7Ca.hardie%40lancaster.ac.uk%7C395a9a26e0df4a7928f808d79e920a12%7C9c9bcd11977a4e9ca9a0bc734090164a%7C1%7C1%7C637152222392088934&sdata=bf1OII%2FBs2y14LHzp4fC9fRO7%2B1DOSwKfwxssM4bExY%3D&reserved=0">http://liste.sslmit.unibo.it/pipermail/cwb/2018-February/003072.html</a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Best wishes,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Peter<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="DE">Von:</span></b><span lang="DE"> <a href="mailto:cwb-bounces@sslmit.unibo.it">
cwb-bounces@sslmit.unibo.it</a> <<a href="mailto:cwb-bounces@sslmit.unibo.it">cwb-bounces@sslmit.unibo.it</a>>
<b>Im Auftrag von </b>Scott Sadowsky<br>
<b>Gesendet:</b> Dienstag, 21. Januar 2020 16:54<br>
<b>An:</b> CWBdev Mailing List <<a href="mailto:cwb@sslmit.unibo.it">cwb@sslmit.unibo.it</a>><br>
<b>Betreff:</b> [CWB] Dealing with "malformed tag" error<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE">I'm trying to encode a very large corpus derived from very heterogeneous text files. I've solved most of the problems (e.g. multiple character encodings and the like), but there's one I'm not sure how to deal with.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE">After tagging the texts with FreeLing I end up with a certain number of lines that are as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-family:"Courier New"">< < Fz Fz F oth</span><span lang="DE"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE">When compiling the corpus, CQP throws the following error for each such case:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-family:"Courier New"">Malformed tag < < Fz Fz F oth, inserted literally (file ~/02-Tagged/0128716.xml, line #85)</span><span lang="DE"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE">These cases seem to be from when writers got unduly creative with symbols, rather than from mathematical uses, so they're probably mostly expendable.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE">What's the best way to handle cases like these? I could in theory eliminate them with a script before CQP tries to compile the corpus, but I'm loathe to make destructive changes to text contents. So it would be good to know
what effect leaving them in will have on the final corpus -- with they interfere with CQP's corpus compilation process? For example, will they cause it to incorrectly determine where actual tags begin and end? Or are they basically harmless? <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE">Thanks,<br>
Scott<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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